In this post, we continue to explore the question: What Linux is best for laptops? This post is part two in a 3-part series on this topic. In the previous post, we explored the origin of Linux, the advantages of using Linux on laptops, and key considerations for choosing the right distribution for your laptop. You can read that post here.

In this second post, we will compare several free Linux distributions that are well-regarded for compatibility with laptops.

Linux distributions, or distros, are different flavors of the Linux operating system that package together the Linux kernel with various software components to create a complete and usable operating system. There are numerous Linux distros, each tailored to different use cases, preferences, and philosophies.

The “best” Linux distribution for laptops depends on various factors, including the user’s preferences, needs, level of expertise, and laptop hardware specifications.

Note that this post’s focus is free Linux distributions. Free Linux distributions are suitable for individual users, enthusiasts, and those who prefer open-source solutions without the need for commercial support. Commercial Linux distributions, on the other hand, are geared toward businesses and organizations that need a stable, well-supported operating system with additional enterprise features. This post is aimed at individuals who want to use Linux, so we will be focusing on free Linux distributions only.

Common Free Linux Distros For Laptops

Here is an overview of some commonly used free Linux distros that are well-regarded for compatibility with laptops.

1. Debian

Overview: Debian is a stable and highly customizable distribution. It serves as the foundation for many other Linux distributions, including Ubuntu. Debian follows a strict commitment to free software principles and stability. While Debian might require a bit more configuration than Ubuntu or Mint, it’s known for its stability and broad hardware support. It’s a good choice if you want a solid, stable system and are comfortable with a bit more setup.

User Experience: It’s highly customizable but can be less user-friendly for beginners compared to other distributions.

Features: Known for its solid and stable software packages, Debian is a popular choice for those who prioritize reliability.

Updates and Support: Debian has a slower release cycle, focusing on stability and extensive testing of software packages rather than having the latest software versions.

2. Ubuntu

Overview: Ubuntu is based on Debian and inherits many of its features. Ubuntu takes a snapshot of Debian’s “unstable” branch, adds its own features and modifications, and releases it as a stable version. Ubuntu has become one of the most popular and user-friendly Linux distributions and is known for its user-friendly approach, ease of use, and strong community support. Ubuntu is widely known for its excellent hardware compatibility, making it a popular choice for laptop users. It’s user-friendly and typically works well with various types of hardware right out of the box. It comes in different flavors, such as Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, and Ubuntu Core for IoT devices.

User Experience: Designed for both beginners and experienced users, Ubuntu provides a clean and intuitive interface with a centralized software store for easy application installation.

Features: Uses the GNOME desktop environment by default, but there are also official variants with other desktop environments like KDE (Kubuntu) and Xfce (Xubuntu). Ubuntu also comes with a wide range of pre-installed software and offers strong hardware support, making it a good choice for laptops.

Updates and Support: Ubuntu Linux follows a regular bi-annual release cycle, with new versions being released every six months. Additionally, every two years in April, Ubuntu releases a Long-Term Support (LTS) version. LTS versions are especially significant because they receive security updates and support for five years, compared to the nine months of support for regular releases. Regular updates and Long-Term Support (LTS) releases ensure stability and security.

3. Linux Mint

Overview: Linux Mint is derived from Ubuntu, meaning it builds on Ubuntu’s architecture and software repositories. It is designed to be more accessible, especially for users coming from a Windows background. It retains much of Ubuntu’s underlying system and compatibility but differentiates itself through user interface, custom tools, and a focus on ease of use. It is praised for its ease of use and good hardware compatibility. Linux Mint is particularly popular among beginners transitioning from Windows due to its familiar user interface. It’s a great choice for users who are new to Linux and want a distro that works well on their laptops without much tinkering.

User Experience: Despite their shared base, Linux Mint and Ubuntu offer distinct user experiences. Linux Mint is known for its classic desktop environments like Cinnamon, which is comfortable and easy to use and offers a more traditional layout resembling older versions of Windows.

Features: Comes with a variety of pre-installed software and offers good hardware support.

Updates and Support: Linux Mint’s release cycle typically follows Ubuntu’s releases. Mint benefits from Ubuntu’s software repository and support, with the added ease of more out-of-the-box features.

4. Elementary OS

Overview: Elementary OS is built on top of Ubuntu LTS (Long Term Support) releases. Known for its elegant and user-friendly interface, it generally has good hardware support for laptops. It uses the same package management system and benefits from the underlying stability and security of Ubuntu. Elementary OS is designed with a focus on simplicity and aesthetics. It often draws comparisons to macOS in terms of its user interface design.

User Experience: It is known for its user-friendly experience and aesthetic appeal, often attracting users who appreciate its design and simplicity. It has a macOS-like look and feel.

Features: Uses a custom desktop environment called Pantheon.

Updates and Support: New versions are released when they are deemed ready. This can mean longer periods between releases compared to more frequently updated distros. However, the OS does receive regular updates for security and minor improvements.

5. Zorin OS

Overview: Zorin OS is a Linux distribution designed to be easy for newcomers, especially those transitioning from Windows. Based on Ubuntu, it offers a familiar interface with a Windows-like desktop layout, making it a comfortable choice for users switching from Microsoft’s operating system. It’s known for its ease of use, customizable desktop, and a large software repository. It has good hardware compatibility.

User Experience: It emphasizes user-friendly operation, elegant design, and practical functionality with pre-installed programs for everyday use.

Features: Key features include intuitive installation, support for smartphone pairing, and compatibility with Windows programs via WINE. Zorin OS is available in different variants like Core, Lite, and Education, catering to various user needs.

Updates and Support: New versions are released when they are deemed ready by the developers.

6. Fedora

Overview: Sponsored by Red Hat, Fedora serves as a testing ground for new technologies and features that may later be incorporated into Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL – a commercial Linux distro). Fedora is known for adopting cutting-edge technologies and offering the latest software and features. It is another distro that is known for good laptop compatibility. It often includes the latest kernel and drivers, which means it supports newer hardware more quickly than some other distributions.

Note that a distro that is closely related to Fedora is CentOS (Community ENTerprise Operating System). This is a free and open-source distribution that is essentially a community-supported version of RHEL. CentOS, being derived from RHEL, indirectly shares some common elements with Fedora. However, it’s important to note that CentOS Linux 7 will reach the end of life (EOL) in June 2024. Post-EOL, CentOS will be replaced by CentOS Stream, a rolling release type distribution that will serve as the upstream (development) branch of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).

User Experience: Uses the GNOME desktop environment by default. While it’s more oriented toward experienced users, Fedora’s focus on innovation makes it a good choice for those who want the latest technologies.

Features: Offers strong hardware compatibility and is often used for development purposes due to its up-to-date software repository.

Updates and Support: Fedora has a faster release cycle with a relatively short support period, which can sometimes lead to less stability compared to other distros.

7. Manjaro

Overview: Manjaro is based on Arch Linux. Arch is a lightweight and flexible distribution that allows users to build their own custom system from the ground up and have more control over every aspect. Arch has a reputation for having a steep learning curve during installation, as it involves manual configuration. Manjaro aims to retain the power and flexibility of Arch but make Arch more user-friendly by providing an easy-to-use installer and pre-configured desktop environments. Manjaro is known for being cutting-edge and typically works well with a wide range of laptop hardware. Arch Linux and Manjaro share the Pacman package manager and Arch User Repository (AUR). It’s user-friendly and offers access to the latest software and drivers.

User Experience: Offers a balance between cutting-edge software and stability, making it suitable for both beginners and advanced users. Offers an easier installation process compared to Arch.

Features: Provides access to the Arch User Repository (AUR) and PacMan package manager. It has excellent hardware detection and driver management and features user-friendly tools for system management.

Updates and Support: Uses a rolling release model, which means continuous updates without the need for major version upgrades.

8. openSUSE

Overview: Developed by the openSUSE Project, it comes in two main editions: the stable and community-driven openSUSE Leap (based on the SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) codebase), and openSUSE Tumbleweed, a rolling release with the latest packages. OpenSUSE, particularly the Leap version, is known for its stability, robustness, flexibility, and hardware compatibility. It’s a solid choice for both newer and older laptop hardware.

User Experience: Leap offers a more stable experience, while Tumbleweed provides the latest software updates.

Features: Uses the Zypper package manager and YaST configuration tool. It is versatile, suitable for both desktops and servers.

Updates and Support: Leap follows regular release cycles, whereas Tumbleweed is a rolling release for those who want the latest updates.

9. Pop!_OS

Overview: Developed by System76, a manufacturer of Linux-based laptops and desktops, Pop!_OS is optimized for both their hardware and a wide range of other laptops. It’s particularly known for its excellent support for gaming and graphics-related tasks. It’s based on Ubuntu and offers a range of features and tools catering to various users, from beginners to advanced users.

User Experience: Pop!_OS provides a customizable application launcher and system settings. Users can tweak themes, icons, and the appearance of the taskbar. It supports third-party themes and extensions for a personalized desktop environment. Pop!_OS-specific tools, such as the Pop!_Shop (a graphical package manager) and the Pop!_Launcher (an application launcher), enhance the user experience.

Features: The OS is gamer-friendly, supporting platforms like Steam and Lutris. It’s compatible with modern hardware, including NVIDIA and AMD graphics cards, making it a suitable choice for gaming enthusiasts. It supports Snap and Flatpak package managers, offering access to a vast selection of Linux applications​

Updates and Support: Typically follows a semi-annual release cycle, aligning closely with the release schedule of Ubuntu, which is its upstream source.

Conclusion

In this post, we explored the characteristics of several free Linux distros that are well-regarded for compatibility with laptops.

Each Linux distribution has its strengths, weaknesses, and target audience. The choice of a particular distro depends on factors such as user preference, intended use case, preferred level of control or simplicity, system requirements, and level of expertise.

It’s often a good idea to try different distributions by creating live USBs or running them in a virtual machine before deciding which one best suits your needs. It’s common for users to try several distributions before settling on one.

Additionally, analyzing user reviews and testimonials can provide valuable insights into the positive and negative aspects of popular Linux distributions on laptops. That is what we will do in the final part of this series, part 3.

I hope that you found the information in this post useful. If you have any questions about the content, please feel free to reach out to me in the comments below.

Regards,

Walter